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Using GNU sed:

sed "/cdef/aline1\nline2\nline3\nline4" input.txt

If you started with:

abcd
accd
cdef
line
web

this would produce:

abcd
accd
cdef
line1
line2
line3
line4
line
web

If you want to save the changes to the file in-place, say:

sed -i "/cdef/aline1\nline2\nline3\nline4" input.txt

小开

Using awk:

awk '/cdef/{print $0 RS "line1" RS "line2" RS "line3" RS "line4";next}1' input.txt

Explanation:

You find the line you want to insert from using /.../
You print the current line using print $0
RS is built-in awk variable that is by default set to new-line.
You add new lines separated by this variable
1 at the end results in printing of every other lines. Using next before it allows us to prevent the current line since you have already printed it using print $0.

$ awk '/cdef/{print $0 RS "line1" RS "line2" RS "line3" RS "line4";next}1' input.txt
abcd
accd
cdef
line1
line2
line3
line4
line
web

To make changes to the file you can do:

awk '...' input.txt > tmp && mv tmp input.txt

小开

最佳答案

Another sed,

sed '/cdef/r add.txt' input.txt

input.txt:

abcd
accd
cdef
line
web

add.txt:

line1
line2
line3
line4

Test:

sat:~# sed '/cdef/r add.txt' input.txt
abcd
accd
cdef
line1
line2
line3
line4
line
web

If you want to apply the changes in input.txt file. Then, use -i with sed.

sed -i '/cdef/r add.txt' input.txt

If you want to use a regex as an expression you have to use the -E tag with sed.

sed -E '/RegexPattern/r add.txt' input.txt

小开

This answer is easy to understand

Copy before the pattern
Add your lines
Copy after the pattern
Replace original file

FILENAME='app/Providers/AuthServiceProvider.php'

STEP 1 copy until the pattern

sed '/THEPATTERNYOUARELOOKINGFOR/Q' $FILENAME >>${FILENAME}_temp

STEP 2 add your lines

cat << 'EOL' >> ${FILENAME}_temp


HERE YOU COPY AND
PASTE MULTIPLE
LINES, ALSO YOU CAN
//WRITE COMMENTS


AND NEW LINES
AND SPECIAL CHARS LIKE $THISONE


EOL

STEP 3 add the rest of the file

grep -A 9999 'THEPATTERNYOUARELOOKINGFOR' $FILENAME >>${FILENAME}_temp

REPLACE original file

mv ${FILENAME}_temp $FILENAME

if you need variables, in step 2 replace 'EOL' with EOL

cat << EOL >> ${FILENAME}_temp


this variable will expand: $variable1


EOL

小开

sed '/^cdef$/r'<(
echo "line1"
echo "line2"
echo "line3"
echo "line4"
) -i -- input.txt

小开

I needed to template a few files with minimal tooling and for me the issue with above sed -e '/../r file.txt is that it only appends the file after it prints out the rest of the match, it doesn't replace it.

This doesn't do it (all matches are replaced and pattern matching continues from same point)

#!/bin/bash


TEMPDIR=$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp/}$(basename $0).XXXXXXXXXXXX")
# remove on exit
trap "rm -rf $TEMPDIR" EXIT


DCTEMPLATE=$TEMPDIR/dctemplate.txt
DCTEMPFILE=$TEMPDIR/dctempfile.txt


# template that will replace
printf "0replacement
1${SHELL} data
2anotherlinenoEOL" > $DCTEMPLATE


# test data
echo -e "xxy \n987 \nxx xx\n yz yxxyy" > $DCTEMPFILE


# print original for debug
echo "---8<--- $DCTEMPFILE"
cat $DCTEMPFILE
echo "---8<--- $DCTEMPLATE"
cat $DCTEMPLATE
echo "---8<---"


# replace 'xx' -> contents of $DCTEMPFILE
perl -e "our \$fname = '${DCTEMPLATE}';" -pe 's/xx/`cat $fname`/eg' ${DCTEMPFILE}

小开

You can use awk for inserting output of some command in the middle of input.txt.
The lines to be inserted can be the output of a cat otherfile, ls -l or 4 lines with a number generated by printf.

awk 'NR==FNR {a[NR]=$0;next}
{print}
/cdef/ {for (i=1; i <= length(a); i++) { print a[i] }}'
<(printf "%s\n" line{1..4}) input.txt

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Here is a more generic solution based on @rindeal solution which does not work on MacOS/BSD (/r expects a file):

cat << DOC > input.txt
abc
cdef
line
DOC

$ cat << EOF | sed '/^cdef$/ r /dev/stdin' input.txt
line 1
line 2
EOF


# outputs:
abc
cdef
line 1
line 2
line

This can be used to pipe anything into the file at the given position:

$ date | sed '/^cdef$/ r /dev/stdin' input.txt


# outputs
abc
cdef
Tue Mar 17 10:50:15 CET 2020
line

Also, you could add multiple commands which allows deleting the marker line cdef:

$ date | sed '/^cdef$/ {
r /dev/stdin
d
}' input.txt


# outputs
abc
Tue Mar 17 10:53:53 CET 2020
line

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if you want to do that with a bash script, that's useful.

echo $password | echo 'net.ipv4.ping_group_range=0 2147483647' |  sudo -S tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

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suppose you have a file called 'insert.txt' containing the lines you want to add:

line1
line2
line3
line4

If the PATTERN 'cdef' REPEATS MULTIPLE TIMES in your input.txt file, and you want to add the lines from 'insert.txt' after ALL occurrences of the pattern 'cdef' , then a easy solution is:

sed -i -e '/cdef/r insert.txt' input.txt

but, if the PATTERN 'cdef' REPEATS MULTIPLE TIMES in your input.txt file, and you want to add the lines from 'insert.txt' ONLY AFTER THE FIRST OCCURRENCE of the pattern, a beautiful solution is:

printf "%s\n" "/cdef/r insert.txt" w | ed -s input.txt

Both solution will work fine in case the pattern happens only once in your input.txt file.

小开

Based on @rindeal solution but with better readability of the input

sed '/^cdef$/r'<(cat <<EOF
line1
line2
line3
line4
EOF
) -i -- input.txt

小开

Putting the content over the 4th line (like you want)

sed -i "4i line1\nline2\nline3\nline4" input.txt

If you don't want to save the changes to the file in-place, remove "-i" :

sed "4i line1\nline2\nline3\nline4" input.txt

Using sed by GNU*

If you started input.txt with:

abcd
accd
cdef
line
web