在 Go 中 int 和 int64有什么区别？

func ParseInt(s string, base int, bitSize int) (i int64, err error)

ParseInt always returns int64.

bitSize defines the range of values.

If the value corresponding to s cannot be represented by a signed integer of the given size, err.Err = ErrRange.

http://golang.org/pkg/strconv/#ParseInt

type int int

int is a signed integer type that is at least 32 bits in size. It is a distinct type, however, and not an alias for, say, int32.

http://golang.org/pkg/builtin/#int

So int could be bigger than 32 bit in the future or on some systems like int in C.

I guess on some systems int64 might be faster than int32 because that system only works with 64-bit integers.

Here is an example of an error when bitSize is 8:

http://play.golang.org/p/_osjMqL6Nj

package main


import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
)


func main() {
i, err := strconv.ParseInt("123456", 10, 8)
fmt.Println(i, err)
}

Package strconv

func ParseInt

func ParseInt(s string, base int, bitSize int) (i int64, err error)

ParseInt interprets a string s in the given base (2 to 36) and returns the corresponding value i. If base == 0, the base is implied by the string's prefix: base 16 for "0x", base 8 for "0", and base 10 otherwise.

The bitSize argument specifies the integer type that the result must fit into. Bit sizes 0, 8, 16, 32, and 64 correspond to int, int8, int16, int32, and int64.

The errors that ParseInt returns have concrete type *NumError and include err.Num = s. If s is empty or contains invalid digits, err.Err = ErrSyntax; if the value corresponding to s cannot be represented by a signed integer of the given size, err.Err = ErrRange.

ParseInt always returns an int64 value. Depending on bitSize, this value will fit into int, int8, int16, int32, or int64. If the value cannot be represented by a signed integer of the size given by bitSize, then err.Err = ErrRange.

The Go Programming Language Specification

Numeric types

The value of an n-bit integer is n bits wide and represented using two's complement arithmetic.

int8        the set of all signed  8-bit integers (-128 to 127)
int16       the set of all signed 16-bit integers (-32768 to 32767)
int32       the set of all signed 32-bit integers (-2147483648 to 2147483647)
int64       the set of all signed 64-bit integers (-9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807)

There is also a set of predeclared numeric types with implementation-specific sizes:

uint     either 32 or 64 bits
int      same size as uint

int is either 32 or 64 bits, depending on the implementation. Usually it's 32 bits for 32-bit compilers and 64 bits for 64-bit compilers.

To find out the size of an int or uint, use strconv.IntSize.

Package strconv

Constants

const IntSize = intSize

IntSize is the size in bits of an int or uint value.

For example,

package main


import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"strconv"
)


func main() {
fmt.Println(runtime.Compiler, runtime.GOARCH, runtime.GOOS)
fmt.Println(strconv.IntSize)
}

Output:

gc amd64 linux
64

strconv.ParseInt and friends return 64-bit versions to keep the API clean and simple. Else one would have to create separate versions for each possible return type. Or return interface{}, which would then have to go through a type assertion. None of which are ideal.

int64 is chosen, because it can hold any integer size up to, and including, the supported 64-bits. The bit size you pass into the function, ensures that the value is properly clamped to the correct range. So you can simply do a type conversion on the returned value, to turn it into whatever integer type you require.

As for the difference between int and int64, this is architecture-dependant. int is simply an alias for either a 32-bit or 64-bit integer, depending on the architecture you are compiling for.

For the discerning eye: The returned value is a signed integer. There is a separate strconv.ParseUint function for unsigned integers, which returns uint64 and follows the same reasoning as explained above.

For your purposes, strconv.Atoi() would be more convenient I think.

The other answers have been pretty exhaustive about explaining the int type, but I think a link to the Go language specification is merited here: http://golang.org/ref/spec#Numeric_types

In Go lang, each type is considered as separate data type which can not be used interchangeably with the base type. For example,

type CustomInt64 int64

In the above declaration, CustomInt64 and built-in int64 are two separate data types and cannot be used interchangeably.

The same is the case with int, int32, and int64, all of these are separate data types that can't be used interchangeably. Where int32 is 32 its integer type, int64 is 64 bits and the size of the generic int type is platform dependent. It is 32 bits wide on a 32-bit system and 64-bits wide on a 64-bit system. So we must be careful and specific while specifying generic data types like int, uint, and float. It may cause a problem somewhere in code and will crash application on a different platform.

An int is the default signed type in go: it takes 32 bits (4 bytes) on a 32-bit machine and 64 bits(8 bytes) on a 64-bit machine. Reference- The way to go by Ivo Balbaert