安装 devtools 包时遇到的问题

我希望使用 devtools包。我已经运行了以下命令:

> install.packages("devtools", dependencies = TRUE)
....
> library(devtools)
Error in library(devtools) : there is no package called ‘devtools’

我做错了什么？

编辑: 下面是重新启动会话后重新运行 install.packages命令的结果。

> install.packages("devtools", dependencies = TRUE)
Installing package into ‘/home/evanaad/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.0’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
--- Please select a CRAN mirror for use in this session ---
Warning: dependencies ‘roxygen2’, ‘BiocInstaller’, ‘rstudio’ are not available
also installing the dependencies ‘httr’, ‘RCurl’


trying URL 'http://cran.at.r-project.org/src/contrib/httr_0.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 50183 bytes (49 Kb)
opened URL
==================================================
downloaded 49 Kb


trying URL 'http://cran.at.r-project.org/src/contrib/RCurl_1.95-4.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 870915 bytes (850 Kb)
opened URL
==================================================
downloaded 850 Kb


trying URL 'http://cran.at.r-project.org/src/contrib/devtools_1.4.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 105214 bytes (102 Kb)
opened URL
==================================================
downloaded 102 Kb


* installing *source* package ‘RCurl’ ...
** package ‘RCurl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
checking for curl-config... no
Cannot find curl-config
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘RCurl’
* removing ‘/home/evanaad/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.0/RCurl’
ERROR: dependency ‘RCurl’ is not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/home/evanaad/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.0/httr’
ERROR: dependencies ‘httr’, ‘RCurl’ are not available for package ‘devtools’
* removing ‘/home/evanaad/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.0/devtools’


The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmptvmTrA/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In install.packages("devtools", dependencies = TRUE) :
installation of package ‘RCurl’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages("devtools", dependencies = TRUE) :
installation of package ‘httr’ had non-zero exit status
3: In install.packages("devtools", dependencies = TRUE) :
installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status
198943 次浏览
小开
最佳答案

按照 Damien Francois的建议，我安装了 libcurl4-gnutls-dev，问题就解决了。

编辑(@dardisco)

在你的壳里:

apt-get -y build-dep libcurl4-gnutls-dev
apt-get -y install libcurl4-gnutls-dev
小开

如果你正在使用 CentOS:

试试:

sudo yum -y install libcurl libcurl-devel
小开

对于我的 Debian Jessie 盒子，我还包括:

sudo apt-get build-dep libxml2-dev

提示: R-tool 控制台输出非常冗长，因此我将检查任何其他依赖项。

然后，我终于明白了:

> find_rtools()
[1] TRUE
小开

最好的解决办法。我也在寻找同样的问题。我花了一天，然后我得到了解决方案。现在好了。

如果你使用的是 Ubuntu 或 Linux，请在 bash 终端检查你的 R 版本。

R --version

然后使用这些命令

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

现在检查 R 的新版本，使用这个命令

sudo apt-cache showpkg r-base

现在只更新 R。

sudo apt-get install r-base

现在 R 将被更新，错误将被删除。确保 cd为要安装新包的库路径。这边是 bash 终端。尝试在主文件夹中创建 R 目录，否则它将处于默认状态。为包 ~/R/lib/找到这个位置。

R
.libPaths("~/R/lib")
install.packages("devtools")

或者

install.packages("devtools", lib="~/R/lib")
小开

如果你正在使用 Ubuntu/Linux:

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev
小开

CentOS 7: 我已经安装了 libcurl 和 gnutls 开发包，但是在 R 中安装 devtools 时仍然出现“ can not load git2r.so”错误，我必须“重新安装”它们才能工作:

sudo yum reinstall gnutls-devel.x86_64
小开

如今(ubuntu 14.04)我两样都需要:

 $ sudo apt-get -y install libcurl4-gnutls-dev
$ sudo apt-get -y install libssl-dev
小开

对于 UBUNTU 用户，在你的终端运行这个命令[在 UBUNTU 16.04中测试过]

sudo apt-get -y install libcurl4-openssl-dev

发布这个安装库的方式，你通常在 R 使用

install.packages("package name")
小开

森托斯6.8

这工作对我很有吸引力

  1. 安装 libcurl $yum -y install libcurl libcurl-devel
  2. 重新启动软件 $rstudio-server verify-installation
小开

我用 Ubuntu 18.04解决了这个问题，之前的答案都没有解决它。最终，我成功地用包管理器本身安装了 devtools:

sudo apt install r-cran-devtools

小开

以上的答案都不适合我在 Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS上使用 R 版本3.6.1

我猜这可能和 Anaconda3有关。

对我起作用的是:

conda install -c r r-devtools

然后在 R

install.packages("rlang")
install.packages("devtools")

sessionInfo()

R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05)
Platform: x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS


Matrix products: default
BLAS/LAPACK: /home/tsundoku/anaconda3/lib/R/lib/libRblas.so


locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=en_CA.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=en_CA.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=en_CA.UTF-8
[5] LC_MONETARY=en_CA.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_CA.UTF-8
[7] LC_PAPER=en_CA.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_CA.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C


attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base


loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.6.1 tools_3.6.1    tcltk_3.6.1
小开

为了在 Ubuntu 18.04.1上安装 devtools，我解决了以下所有问题。

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev
小开

CentOS 7:

我在这篇文章中尝试了解决方案

sudo yum -y install libcurl libcurl-devel
sudo yum -y install openssl-devel

但还不够。

检查控制台 中的 R 错误给了我答案。在我的例子中，它缺少下面的 libxml-2.0(Console 打印了一个说明，其中包含不同 Linux 版本和其他可能的 R 配置的包名)

sudo yum -y install libxml2-devel
小开

我在窗户上，也有同样的问题。

我使用了以下代码:

install.packages("devtools", type = "win.binary")

然后库(devtools)为我工作。

小开

当我试图安装 devtools 软件包时，我发现了 R-Studio 的错误，从而找到了解决方案... 基本上错误是因为 linux 中没有安装依赖库，看下面的 反对错误

Installing package into ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘curl’, ‘gh’, ‘openssl’, ‘xml2’, ‘usethis’, ‘covr’, ‘httr’, ‘roxygen2’, ‘rversions’




trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/curl_4.3.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 673779 bytes (657 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 657 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/gh_1.1.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 29043 bytes (28 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 28 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/openssl_1.4.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1204168 bytes (1.1 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.1 MB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/xml2_1.3.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 271876 bytes (265 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 265 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/usethis_1.6.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 255052 bytes (249 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 249 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/covr_3.5.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 146148 bytes (142 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 142 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/httr_1.4.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 159950 bytes (156 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 156 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/roxygen2_7.1.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 254118 bytes (248 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 248 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/rversions_2.0.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 41558 bytes (40 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 40 KB


trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/devtools_2.3.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 373604 bytes (364 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 364 KB


* installing *source* package ‘curl’ ...
** package ‘curl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lcurl
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libcurl was not found. Try installing:
deb: **libcurl4-openssl-dev** (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: libcurl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libcurl_dev (Solaris)
If libcurl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libcurl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘curl’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/curl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘curl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘openssl’ ...
** package ‘openssl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
--------------------------- [ANTICONF] --------------------------------
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
deb: **libssl-dev** (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
* brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
If openssl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a openssl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
-------------------------- [ERROR MESSAGE] ---------------------------
tools/version.c:1:10: fatal error: openssl/opensslv.h: No such file or directory
1 | #include <openssl/opensslv.h>
|          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘openssl’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/openssl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘openssl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘xml2’ ...
** package ‘xml2’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
Package libxml-2.0 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libxml-2.0.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libxml-2.0' found
Package libxml-2.0 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libxml-2.0.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libxml-2.0' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lxml2
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libxml-2.0 was not found. Try installing:
deb: **libxml2-dev** (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: libxml2-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libxml2_dev (Solaris)
If libxml-2.0 is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libxml-2.0.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘xml2’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/xml2’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘xml2’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘openssl’ are not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/httr’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘httr’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘xml2’ is not available for package ‘roxygen2’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/roxygen2’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘roxygen2’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘xml2’ are not available for package ‘rversions’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/rversions’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘rversions’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘httr’ is not available for package ‘gh’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/gh’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘gh’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘httr’ is not available for package ‘covr’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/covr’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘covr’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘gh’ are not available for package ‘usethis’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/usethis’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘usethis’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘usethis’, ‘covr’, ‘httr’, ‘roxygen2’, ‘rversions’ are not available for package ‘devtools’
* removing ‘/home/hafiz/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/devtools’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status


The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/Rtmpexapon/downloaded_packages’

看看缺失的粗体库 Libssl-dev Libxml2-dev

just you need to install these libraries in ubuntu terminal or

无论你使用什么操作系统，你都会发现相关的错误 操作系统详见错误。 R-Studio 提到了相对于操作系统的库包名称

为了 Ubuntu 我做了这个

Sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

* * sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev * *

Sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev

小开

对于 Ubuntu18.0.4上的 R 4.0.2版本，我必须安装 libgit2-dev包:

sudo apt-get install libgit2-dev

在那之后，效果非常好。


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