scala> trait User { def name: String }
defined trait User
scala> trait Tweeter {
| user: User =>
| def tweet(msg: String) = println(s"$name: $msg")
| }
defined trait Tweeter
scala> trait Wrong extends Tweeter {
| def noCanDo = name
| }
<console>:9: error: illegal inheritance;
self-type Wrong does not conform to Tweeter's selftype Tweeter with User
trait Wrong extends Tweeter {
^
<console>:10: error: not found: value name
def noCanDo = name
^
scala> trait DummyUser extends User {
| override def name: String = "foo"
| }
defined trait DummyUser
scala> trait Right extends Tweeter with User {
| val canDo = name
| }
defined trait Right
scala> trait RightAgain extends Tweeter with DummyUser {
| val canDo = name
| }
defined trait RightAgain
trait A {
selfA: B =>
def fa: Int }
trait B {
selfB: A =>
def fb: String }
然而,这个解决方案的模块化并不像它看起来那么好,因为你可以像这样重写自我类型:
trait A1 extends A {
selfA1: B =>
override def fb = "B's String" }
trait B1 extends B {
selfB1: A =>
override def fa = "A's String" }
val myObj = new A1 with B1
sealed trait Person
trait Student extends Person
trait Teacher extends Person
trait Adult { this : Person => } // orthogonal to its condition
val p : Person = new Student {}
p match {
case s : Student => println("a student")
case t : Teacher => println("a teacher")
} // that's it we're exhaustive