IOS 系统中的 NSULConnection 和基本 HTTP 认证

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最佳答案

I'm using an asynchronous connection with MGTwitterEngine and it sets the authorization in the NSMutableURLRequest (theRequest) like so:

NSString *authStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@:%@", [self username], [self password]];
NSData *authData = [authStr dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", [authData base64EncodingWithLineLength:80]];
[theRequest setValue:authValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];

I don't believe this method requires going through the challenge loop but I could be wrong

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Can you tell me what's the reason behind limiting the encoding line length to 80 in your example code? I thought that HTTP headers have a max length of something like 4k (or maybe some servers don't take anything longer than that). – Justin Galzic Dec 29 '09 at 17:29

It is not limiting to 80, it is an option of the method base64EncodingWithLineLength in NSData+Base64.h/m, where you can split your encoded string into multiple lines, which is useful for other application, such as nntp transmission. I believe 80 is chosen by the twitter engine author to be a length big enough to accommodate most user/password encoded result to one line.

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Even the question is answered, I want to present the solution, which doesn't require external libs, I found in another thread:

// Setup NSURLConnection
NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:url];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL
cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy
timeoutInterval:30.0];


NSURLConnection *connection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self];
[connection start];
[connection release];


// NSURLConnection Delegates
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge {
if ([challenge previousFailureCount] == 0) {
NSLog(@"received authentication challenge");
NSURLCredential *newCredential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:@"USER"
password:@"PASSWORD"
persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
NSLog(@"credential created");
[[challenge sender] useCredential:newCredential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
NSLog(@"responded to authentication challenge");
}
else {
NSLog(@"previous authentication failure");
}
}


- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
...
}


- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {
...
}


- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
...
}


- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
...
}

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If you don't want to import the whole of MGTwitterEngine and you aren't doing an asynchronous request Then you can use http://www.chrisumbel.com/article/basic_authentication_iphone_cocoa_touch

To base64 encode the Username and password So replace

NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", [authData base64EncodingWithLineLength:80]];

with

NSString *encodedLoginData = [Base64 encode:[loginString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

after

you will need to include the following file

static char *alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";


@implementation Base64
+(NSString *)encode:(NSData *)plainText {
int encodedLength = (((([plainText length] % 3) + [plainText length]) / 3) * 4) + 1;
unsigned char *outputBuffer = malloc(encodedLength);
unsigned char *inputBuffer = (unsigned char *)[plainText bytes];


NSInteger i;
NSInteger j = 0;
int remain;


for(i = 0; i < [plainText length]; i += 3) {
remain = [plainText length] - i;


outputBuffer[j++] = alphabet[(inputBuffer[i] & 0xFC) >> 2];
outputBuffer[j++] = alphabet[((inputBuffer[i] & 0x03) << 4) |
((remain > 1) ? ((inputBuffer[i + 1] & 0xF0) >> 4): 0)];


if(remain > 1)
outputBuffer[j++] = alphabet[((inputBuffer[i + 1] & 0x0F) << 2)
| ((remain > 2) ? ((inputBuffer[i + 2] & 0xC0) >> 6) : 0)];
else
outputBuffer[j++] = '=';


if(remain > 2)
outputBuffer[j++] = alphabet[inputBuffer[i + 2] & 0x3F];
else
outputBuffer[j++] = '=';
}


outputBuffer[j] = 0;


NSString *result = [NSString stringWithCString:outputBuffer length:strlen(outputBuffer)];
free(outputBuffer);


return result;
}
@end

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If you are using GTMHTTPFetcher for your connection, basic authentication is fairly easy as well. You simply need to provide the credential to the fetcher before beginning the fetch.

NSString * urlString = @"http://www.testurl.com/";
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
NSMutableURLRequest * request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];


NSURLCredential * credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:@"username" password:@"password" persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];


GTMHTTPFetcher * gFetcher = [GTMHTTPFetcher fetcherWithRequest:request];
gFetcher.credential = credential;


[gFetcher beginFetchWithDelegate:self didFinishSelector:@selector(fetchCompleted:withData:andError:)];

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Here is a detailed answer with no 3rd party involved:

Please check here:

//username and password value
NSString *username = @“your_username”;
NSString *password = @“your_password”;


//HTTP Basic Authentication
NSString *authenticationString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@:%@", username, password]];
NSData *authenticationData = [authenticationString dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
NSString *authenticationValue = [authenticationData base64Encoding];


//Set up your request
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.your-api.com/“]];


// Set your user login credentials
[request setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", authenticationValue] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];


// Send your request asynchronously
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *responseCode, NSData *responseData, NSError *responseError) {
if ([responseData length] > 0 && responseError == nil){
//logic here
}else if ([responseData length] == 0 && responseError == nil){
NSLog(@"data error: %@", responseError);
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil message:@"Error accessing the data" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Close" otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}else if (responseError != nil && responseError.code == NSURLErrorTimedOut){
NSLog(@"data timeout: %@”, NSURLErrorTimedOut);
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil message:@"connection timeout" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Close" otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}else if (responseError != nil){
NSLog(@"data download error: %@”,responseError);
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil message:@"data download error" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Close" otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}
}]

Kindly let me know your feedback on this.

Thanks

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Since NSData::dataUsingEncoding is deprecated (ios 7.0), you could use this solution:

// Forming string with credentials 'myusername:mypassword'
NSString *authStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@:%@", username, password];
// Getting data from it
NSData *authData = [authStr dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
// Encoding data with base64 and converting back to NSString
NSString* authStrData = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[authData base64EncodedDataWithOptions:NSDataBase64EncodingEndLineWithLineFeed] encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
// Forming Basic Authorization string Header
NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", authStrData];
// Assigning it to request
[request setValue:authValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];

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You can use AFNetworking (it is opensource), here is code that worked for me. This code sends file with basic authentication. Just change url, email and password.

NSString *serverUrl = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://www.yoursite.com/uploadlink", profile.host];
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:serverUrl parameters:nil error:nil];




NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];


// Forming string with credentials 'myusername:mypassword'
NSString *authStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@:%@", email, emailPassword];
// Getting data from it
NSData *authData = [authStr dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
// Encoding data with base64 and converting back to NSString
NSString* authStrData = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[authData base64EncodedDataWithOptions:NSDataBase64EncodingEndLineWithLineFeed] encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
// Forming Basic Authorization string Header
NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", authStrData];
// Assigning it to request
[request setValue:authValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];


manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];


NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[url path]];
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:^(NSProgress * _Nonnull uploadProgress) {
// This is not called back on the main queue.
// You are responsible for dispatching to the main queue for UI updates
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//Update the progress view
LLog(@"progres increase... %@ , fraction: %f", uploadProgress.debugDescription, uploadProgress.fractionCompleted);
});
} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
} else {
NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject);
}
}];
[uploadTask resume];