为什么在 Node.js REPL 中用)(工作?)调用函数?

为什么可以像下面这样在 JavaScript 中调用函数,用 node.js 进行测试:

~$ node
> function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); };
undefined
> hi
[Function: hi]
> hi()
Hello, World!
undefined
> hi)( // WTF?
Hello, World!
undefined
>

为什么最后一个电话 hi)(有用?是 node.js 中的 bug,V8引擎中的 bug,官方未定义的行为,还是所有解释器实际上都有效的 JavaScript?

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似乎是一个 NodeREPL 错误,将这两行放在 .js中会导致语法错误。

function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); }
hi)(

错误:

SyntaxError: Unexpected token )
at Module._compile (module.js:439:25)
at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10)
at Module.load (module.js:356:32)
at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12)
at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:497:10)
at startup (node.js:119:16)
at node.js:901:3

发行提交 # 6634

转载于0.10.20。


V0.11.7修复了这个。

$ nvm run 0.11.7
Running node v0.11.7
> function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); }
undefined
>  hi)(
SyntaxError: Unexpected token )
at Object.exports.createScript (vm.js:44:10)
at REPLServer.defaultEval (repl.js:117:23)
at REPLServer.b [as eval] (domain.js:251:18)
at Interface.<anonymous> (repl.js:277:12)
at Interface.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:103:17)
at Interface._onLine (readline.js:194:10)
at Interface._line (readline.js:523:8)
at Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:798:14)
at ReadStream.onkeypress (readline.js:98:10)
at ReadStream.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:106:17)
>

这是由于 REPL 如何评估输入,最终的结果是:

(hi)()

增加了括号 强制它是一个 < em > Expression :

  // First we attempt to eval as expression with parens.
// This catches '{a : 1}' properly.
self.eval('(' + evalCmd + ')',
// ...

目的是将 {...}视为 Object文字/初始化程序,而不是 拦截

var stmt = '{ "foo": "bar" }';
var expr = '(' + stmt + ')';


console.log(eval(expr)); // Object {foo: "bar"}
console.log(eval(stmt)); // SyntaxError: Unexpected token :

而且,正如利赛提到的,这已经被改为0.11. x,这是 将只包装 { ... }而不是所有的输入:

  if (/^\s*\{/.test(evalCmd) && /\}\s*$/.test(evalCmd)) {
// It's confusing for `{ a : 1 }` to be interpreted as a block
// statement rather than an object literal.  So, we first try
// to wrap it in parentheses, so that it will be interpreted as
// an expression.
evalCmd = '(' + evalCmd + ')\n';
} else {
// otherwise we just append a \n so that it will be either
// terminated, or continued onto the next expression if it's an
// unexpected end of input.
evalCmd = evalCmd + '\n';
}

4个月前,这期 https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/5698出现了一个漏洞

问题在于,REPL 将语句用括号括起来

foo)(

变成了

(foo)()

实际的解释可以在这里找到 https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/5698#issuecomment-19487718