如何对 Python 进行故障排除“无法找到平台独立库 < prefix >”

我正在尝试使用 Fontcustomto 创建一个图标字体使用 svg 文件和 fontforge。我在 OSX。7。但是，无论何时我运行程序都会得到错误

Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
ImportError: No module named site`

作为一个 Python/Unix 的新手，我甚至不知道从哪里开始尝试解决这个问题。有人能给点建议吗？<prefix>和 <exec_prefix>指的是什么？

当我输入 python --version我得到 Python 2.7.1。在目录/System/Library/Framework/Python. Framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7中，有一个很大的模块列表，site.py 肯定在那个文件夹中。我怎样才能让我的电脑找到模块？

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小开

Try export PYTHONHOME=/usr/local. Python should be installed in /usr/local on OS X.

This answer has received a little more attention than I anticipated, I'll add a little bit more context.

Normally, Python looks for its libraries in the paths prefix/lib and exec_prefix/lib, where prefix and exec_prefix are configuration options. If the PYTHONHOME environment variable is set, then the value of prefix and exec_prefix are inherited from it. If the PYTHONHOME environment variable is not set, then prefix and exec_prefix default to exec_prefix/lib0 (and I believe there are other ways to set prefix/exec_prefix as well, but I'm not totally familiar with them).

Normally, when you receive the error message Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>, the string <prefix> would be replaced with the actual value of prefix. However, if prefix has an empty value, then you get the rather cryptic messages posted in the question. One way to get an empty prefix would be to set PYTHONHOME to an empty string. More info about PYTHONHOME, prefix, and exec_prefix is available in the official docs.

小开

change PYTHONHOME to the parent folder of the bin file of python, like /usr，which is the parent folder of /usr/bin.

小开

I had this problem and spent a few hours trying to fix it. I fixed the prefix error by changing the path but I still had an encoding import error. This was fixed by restarting my computer.

小开

If you made a virtual env, then deleted that python installation, you'll get the same error. Just rm -r your venv folder, then recreate it with a valid python location and do pip install -r requirements.txt and you'll be all set (assuming you got your requirements.txt right).

小开

My pycharm ce had the same error, was easy to fix it, if someone has that error, just uninstall and delete the folder, use ctrl+h if you can't find the folder in your documents, install the software again and should work again.

Remember to save the scratches folder before erasing the pycharm folder.

小开

I had this issue while using Python installed with sudo make altinstall on Opensuse linux. It seems that the compiled libraries are installed in /usr/local/lib64 but Python is looking for them in /usr/local/lib.

I solved it by creating a dynamic link to the relevant directory in /usr/local/lib

sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib64/python3.8/lib-dynload/ /usr/local/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload

I suspect the better thing to do would be to specify libdir as an argument to configure (at the start of the build process) but I haven't tested it that way.

Edit: Can confirm that ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib works, and is probably better than creating links.


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