import sys
def get_base_prefix_compat():
"""Get base/real prefix, or sys.prefix if there is none."""
return getattr(sys, "base_prefix", None) or getattr(sys, "real_prefix", None) or sys.prefix
def in_virtualenv():
return get_base_prefix_compat() != sys.prefix
>>> import os
>>> os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/os.py", line 678, in __getitem__
raise KeyError(key) from None
KeyError: 'VIRTUAL_ENV'
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Want script to run in Python 3.5 (has required installed OpenCV, imutils, ... packages):
import os
# First, see if we are in a conda venv { py27: Python 2.7 | py35: Python 3.5 | tf: TensorFlow | thee : Theano }
try:
os.environ["CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV"]
except KeyError:
print("\tPlease set the py35 { p3 | Python 3.5 } environment!\n")
exit()
# If we are in a conda venv, require the p3 venv:
if os.environ['CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV'] != "py35":
print("\tPlease set the py35 { p3 | Python 3.5 } environment!\n")
exit()
# See also:
# Python: Determine if running inside virtualenv
# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1871549/python-determine-if-running-inside-virtualenv
# [ ... SNIP! ... ]
例子:
$ p2
[Anaconda Python 2.7 venv (source activate py27)]
(py27) $ python webcam_.py
Please set the py35 { p3 | Python 3.5 } environment!
(py27) $ p3
[Anaconda Python 3.5 venv (source activate py35)]
(py35) $ python webcam.py -n50
current env: py35
processing (live): found 2 faces and 4 eyes in this frame
threaded OpenCV implementation
num_frames: 50
webcam -- approx. FPS: 18.59
Found 2 faces and 4 eyes!
(py35) $
if [ $CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV ] ## << note the spaces (important in BASH)!
then
printf 'venv: operating in tf-env, proceed ...'
else
printf 'Note: must run this script in tf-env venv'
exit
fi
import os, re
try:
if re.search('py37', os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']):
pass
except KeyError:
print("\n\tPlease set the Python3 venv [alias: p3]!\n")
exit()
下面是一些解释性代码。
[victoria@victoria ~]$ date; python --version
Thu 14 Nov 2019 11:27:02 AM PST
Python 3.8.0
[victoria@victoria ~]$ python
Python 3.8.0 (default, Oct 23 2019, 18:51:26)
[GCC 9.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os, re
>>> re.search('py37', os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV'])
<re.Match object; span=(20, 24), match='py37'>
>>> try:
... if re.search('py37', os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']):
... print('\n\tOperating in Python3 venv, please proceed! :-)')
... except KeyError:
... print("\n\tPlease set the Python3 venv [alias: p3]!\n")
...
Please set the Python3 venv [alias: p3]!
>>> [Ctrl-d]
now exiting EditableBufferInteractiveConsole...
[victoria@victoria ~]$ p3
[Python 3.7 venv (source activate py37)]
(py37) [victoria@victoria ~]$ python --version
Python 3.8.0
(py37) [victoria@victoria ~]$ env | grep -i virtual
VIRTUAL_ENV=/home/victoria/venv/py37
(py37) [victoria@victoria ~]$ python
Python 3.8.0 (default, Oct 23 2019, 18:51:26)
[GCC 9.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os, re
>>> try:
... if re.search('py37', os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']):
... print('\n\tOperating in Python3 venv, please proceed! :-)')
... except KeyError:
... print("\n\tPlease set the Python3 venv [alias: p3]!\n")
...
Operating in Python3 venv, please proceed! :-)
>>>
import os
import sys
from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_vars
def get_venv_basedir():
"""Returns the base directory of the virtualenv, useful to read configuration and plugins"""
exec_prefix = get_config_vars()['exec_prefix']
if hasattr(sys, 'real_prefix') is False or exec_prefix.startswith(sys.real_prefix):
raise EnvironmentError('You must be in a virtual environment')
return os.path.abspath(get_config_vars()['exec_prefix'] + '/../')
virtualenv和venv在激活环境时设置环境变量$VIRTUAL_ENV。
看到PEP 405。< / p >
您可以在shell脚本中读取该变量,或者使用此Python代码来确定是否设置了该变量。
import os
running_in_virtualenv = "VIRTUAL_ENV" in os.environ
# alternative ways to write this, also supporting the case where
# the variable is set but contains an empty string to indicate
# 'not in a virtual environment':
running_in_virtualenv = bool(os.environ.get("VIRTUAL_ENV"))
running_in_virtualenv = bool(os.getenv("VIRTUAL_ENV"))
import sys
# note: Python versions before 3.3 don't have sys.base_prefix
# if you're not in virtual environment
running_in_virtualenv = sys.prefix != sys.base_prefix