下面是另一种删除表本身所遵循的所有约束的方法,它使用了一种涉及 FOR XML PATH('')的连接技巧,该技巧允许将多个输入行合并到单个输出行中。应该在任何 SQL 2005和更高版本上工作。
为了安全起见,我把 EXECUTE 命令注释掉了。
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(max)
;WITH fkeys AS (
SELECT quotename(s.name) + '.' + quotename(o.name) tablename, quotename(fk.name) constraintname
FROM sys.foreign_keys fk
JOIN sys.objects o ON fk.parent_object_id = o.object_id
JOIN sys.schemas s ON o.schema_id = s.schema_id
)
SELECT @SQL = STUFF((SELECT '; ALTER TABLE ' + tablename + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + constraintname
FROM fkeys
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')
-- EXECUTE(@sql)
SELECT @SQL = STUFF((SELECT '; DROP TABLE ' + quotename(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + quotename(TABLE_NAME)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')
-- EXECUTE(@sql)
create Procedure [dev].DeleteTablesFromSchema
(
@schemaName varchar(500)
)
As
begin
declare @constraintSchemaName nvarchar(128), @constraintTableName nvarchar(128), @constraintName nvarchar(128)
declare @sql nvarchar(max)
-- delete FK first
declare cur1 cursor for
select distinct
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN s2.name ELSE s.name END as SchemaName,
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN t2.name ELSE t.name END as TableName,
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN OBJECT_NAME(d2.constraint_object_id) ELSE OBJECT_NAME(d.constraint_object_id) END as ConstraintName
from sys.objects t
inner join sys.schemas s
on t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
left join sys.foreign_key_columns d
on d.parent_object_id = t.[object_id]
left join sys.foreign_key_columns d2
on d2.referenced_object_id = t.[object_id]
inner join sys.objects t2
on d2.parent_object_id = t2.[object_id]
inner join sys.schemas s2
on t2.[schema_id] = s2.[schema_id]
WHERE t.[type]='U'
AND t2.[type]='U'
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND t2.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND s.Name=@schemaName
open cur1
fetch next from cur1 into @constraintSchemaName, @constraintTableName, @constraintName
while @@fetch_status = 0
BEGIN
set @sql ='ALTER TABLE ' + @constraintSchemaName + '.' + @constraintTableName+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+@constraintName+';'
exec(@sql)
fetch next from cur1 into @constraintSchemaName, @constraintTableName, @constraintName
END
close cur1
deallocate cur1
DECLARE @tableName nvarchar(128)
declare cur2 cursor for
select s.Name, p.Name
from sys.objects p
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON p.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
WHERE p.[type]='U' and is_ms_shipped = 0
AND s.Name=@schemaName
ORDER BY s.Name, p.Name
open cur2
fetch next from cur2 into @schemaName,@tableName
while @@fetch_status = 0
begin
set @sql ='DROP TABLE ' + @schemaName + '.' + @tableName
exec(@sql)
fetch next from cur2 into @schemaName,@tableName
end
close cur2
deallocate cur2
end
go
Removing Referenced FOREIGN KEY Constraints
Assuming there is a parent and child table Relationship in SQL Server:
--First find the name of the Foreign Key Constraint:
SELECT *
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('States')
--Then Find foreign keys referencing to dbo.Parent(States) table:
SELECT name AS 'Foreign Key Constraint Name',
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) + '.' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) AS 'Child Table'
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo' AND
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo.State'
-- Drop the foreign key constraint by its name
ALTER TABLE dbo.cities DROP CONSTRAINT FK__cities__state__6442E2C9;
-- You can also use the following T-SQL script to automatically find
--and drop all foreign key constraints referencing to the specified parent
-- table:
BEGIN
DECLARE @stmt VARCHAR(300);
-- Cursor to generate ALTER TABLE DROP CONSTRAINT statements
DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT 'ALTER TABLE ' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) + '.' +
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) +
' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + name
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo' AND
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'states';
OPEN cur;
FETCH cur INTO @stmt;
-- Drop each found foreign key constraint
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC (@stmt);
FETCH cur INTO @stmt;
END
CLOSE cur;
DEALLOCATE cur;
END
GO
--Now you can drop the parent table:
DROP TABLE states;
--# Command(s) completed successfully.
SELECT *
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('roles');
SELECT name AS 'Foreign Key Constraint Name',
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) + '.' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
AS 'Child Table' FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo'
AND OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo.roles'
你会得到 FK 的名字如下: FK__Table1__roleId__1X1H55C1
现在运行下面的代码来删除从上面得到的 FK 参考。
ALTER TABLE dbo.users drop CONSTRAINT FK__Table1__roleId__1X1H55C1;
DECLARE @constraintMatchString nvarchar(max) = N'FK_<SOME-MATCH-STRING>%';
DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max) = N'';
;WITH x (schemaAndTableName, constraintName) AS
(
SELECT
schemaAndTableName = QUOTENAME(OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id)) + '.' + QUOTENAME(OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)),
constraintName = name
FROM sys.foreign_keys
where name like @constraintMatchString
group by QUOTENAME(OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id)) + '.' + QUOTENAME(OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)), name
)
SELECT @sql += N'ALTER TABLE ' + schemaAndTableName + N' DROP CONSTRAINT [' +constraintName +N'];
' FROM x;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @sql;