var Promise = function () {
this.okCallbacks = [];
this.koCallbacks = [];
};
Promise.prototype = {
okCallbacks: null,
koCallbacks: null,
then: function (okCallback, koCallback) {
okCallbacks.push(okCallback);
if (koCallback) {
koCallbacks.push(koCallback);
}
}
};
现在是延期:
var Defer = function () {
this.promise = new Promise();
};
Defer.prototype = {
promise: null,
resolve: function (data) {
this.promise.okCallbacks.forEach(function(callback) {
window.setTimeout(function () {
callback(data)
}, 0);
});
},
reject: function (error) {
this.promise.koCallbacks.forEach(function(callback) {
window.setTimeout(function () {
callback(error)
}, 0);
});
}
};
下面是一个使用的例子:
function test() {
var defer = new Defer();
// an example of an async call
serverCall(function (request) {
if (request.status === 200) {
defer.resolve(request.responseText);
} else {
defer.reject(new Error("Status code was " + request.status));
}
});
return defer.promise;
}
test().then(function (text) {
alert(text);
}, function (error) {
alert(error.message);
});
var Promise = function () {
this.okCallbacks = [];
this.koCallbacks = [];
};
Promise.prototype = {
okCallbacks: null,
koCallbacks: null,
status: 'pending',
error: null,
then: function (okCallback, koCallback) {
var defer = new Defer();
// Add callbacks to the arrays with the defer binded to these callbacks
this.okCallbacks.push({
func: okCallback,
defer: defer
});
if (koCallback) {
this.koCallbacks.push({
func: koCallback,
defer: defer
});
}
// Check if the promise is not pending. If not call the callback
if (this.status === 'resolved') {
this.executeCallback({
func: okCallback,
defer: defer
}, this.data)
} else if(this.status === 'rejected') {
this.executeCallback({
func: koCallback,
defer: defer
}, this.error)
}
return defer.promise;
},
executeCallback: function (callbackData, result) {
window.setTimeout(function () {
var res = callbackData.func(result);
if (res instanceof Promise) {
callbackData.defer.bind(res);
} else {
callbackData.defer.resolve(res);
}
}, 0);
}
};
还有延期:
var Defer = function () {
this.promise = new Promise();
};
Defer.prototype = {
promise: null,
resolve: function (data) {
var promise = this.promise;
promise.data = data;
promise.status = 'resolved';
promise.okCallbacks.forEach(function(callbackData) {
promise.executeCallback(callbackData, data);
});
},
reject: function (error) {
var promise = this.promise;
promise.error = error;
promise.status = 'rejected';
promise.koCallbacks.forEach(function(callbackData) {
promise.executeCallback(callbackData, error);
});
},
// Make this promise behave like another promise:
// When the other promise is resolved/rejected this is also resolved/rejected
// with the same data
bind: function (promise) {
var that = this;
promise.then(function (res) {
that.resolve(res);
}, function (err) {
that.reject(err);
})
}
};
function Deferred() {
var callbacks = [], // list of callbacks
result; // the resolve arguments or undefined until they're available
this.resolve = function() {
if (result) return; // if already settled, abort
result = arguments; // settle the result
for (var c;c=callbacks.shift();) // execute stored callbacks
c.apply(null, result);
});
// create Promise interface with a function to add callbacks:
this.promise = new Promise(function add(c) {
if (result) // when results are available
c.apply(null, result); // call it immediately
else
callbacks.push(c); // put it on the list to be executed later
});
}
// just an interface for inheritance
function Promise(add) {
this.addCallback = add;
}
Promises have a then method that allows chaining them. I takes a callback and returns a new Promise which will get resolved with the result of that callback after it was invoked with the first promise's result. If the callback returns a Promise, it will get assimilated instead of getting nested.
Promise.prototype.then = function(fn) {
var dfd = new Deferred(); // create a new result Deferred
this.addCallback(function() { // when `this` resolves…
// execute the callback with the results
var result = fn.apply(null, arguments);
// check whether it returned a promise
if (result instanceof Promise)
result.addCallback(dfd.resolve); // then hook the resolution on it
else
dfd.resolve(result); // resolve the new promise immediately
});
});
// and return the new Promise
return dfd.promise;
};
Further concepts would be maintaining a separate error state (with an extra callback for it) and catching exceptions in the handlers, or guaranteeing asynchronity for the callbacks. Once you add those, you've got a fully functional Promise implementation.
Here is the error thing written out. It unfortunately is pretty repetitive; you can do better by using extra closures but then it get's really really hard to understand.
function Deferred() {
var callbacks = [], // list of callbacks
errbacks = [], // list of errbacks
value, // the fulfill arguments or undefined until they're available
reason; // the error arguments or undefined until they're available
this.fulfill = function() {
if (reason || value) return false; // can't change state
value = arguments; // settle the result
for (var c;c=callbacks.shift();)
c.apply(null, value);
errbacks.length = 0; // clear stored errbacks
});
this.reject = function() {
if (value || reason) return false; // can't change state
reason = arguments; // settle the errror
for (var c;c=errbacks.shift();)
c.apply(null, reason);
callbacks.length = 0; // clear stored callbacks
});
this.promise = new Promise(function add(c) {
if (reason) return; // nothing to do
if (value)
c.apply(null, value);
else
callbacks.push(c);
}, function add(c) {
if (value) return; // nothing to do
if (reason)
c.apply(null, reason);
else
errbacks.push(c);
});
}
function Promise(addC, addE) {
this.addCallback = addC;
this.addErrback = addE;
}
Promise.prototype.then = function(fn, err) {
var dfd = new Deferred();
this.addCallback(function() { // when `this` is fulfilled…
try {
var result = fn.apply(null, arguments);
if (result instanceof Promise) {
result.addCallback(dfd.fulfill);
result.addErrback(dfd.reject);
} else
dfd.fulfill(result);
} catch(e) { // when an exception was thrown
dfd.reject(e);
}
});
this.addErrback(err ? function() { // when `this` is rejected…
try {
var result = err.apply(null, arguments);
if (result instanceof Promise) {
result.addCallback(dfd.fulfill);
result.addErrback(dfd.reject);
} else
dfd.fulfill(result);
} catch(e) { // when an exception was re-thrown
dfd.reject(e);
}
} : dfd.reject); // when no `err` handler is passed then just propagate
return dfd.promise;
};