如何从“ python setup.py test”运行单元测试发现？

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One possible solution is to simply extend the test command for distutilsand setuptools/distribute. This seems like a total kluge and way more complicated than I would prefer, but seems to correctly discover and run all the tests in my package upon running python setup.py test. I'm holding off on selecting this as the answer to my question in hopes that someone will provide a more elegant solution :)

(Inspired by https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/goodpractices.html#integrating-with-setuptools-python-setup-py-test-pytest-runner)

Example setup.py:

try:
from setuptools import setup
except ImportError:
from distutils.core import setup


def discover_and_run_tests():
import os
import sys
import unittest


# get setup.py directory
setup_file = sys.modules['__main__'].__file__
setup_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(setup_file))


# use the default shared TestLoader instance
test_loader = unittest.defaultTestLoader


# use the basic test runner that outputs to sys.stderr
test_runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()


# automatically discover all tests
# NOTE: only works for python 2.7 and later
test_suite = test_loader.discover(setup_dir)


# run the test suite
test_runner.run(test_suite)


try:
from setuptools.command.test import test


class DiscoverTest(test):


def finalize_options(self):
test.finalize_options(self)
self.test_args = []
self.test_suite = True


def run_tests(self):
discover_and_run_tests()


except ImportError:
from distutils.core import Command


class DiscoverTest(Command):
user_options = []


def initialize_options(self):
pass


def finalize_options(self):
pass


def run(self):
discover_and_run_tests()


config = {
'name': 'name',
'version': 'version',
'url': 'http://example.com',
'cmdclass': {'test': DiscoverTest},
}


setup(**config)

小开

Another less than ideal solution slightly inspired by http://hg.python.org/unittest2/file/2b6411b9a838/unittest2/collector.py

Add a module that returns a TestSuite of discovered tests. Then configure setup to call that module.

project/
package/
__init__.py
module.py
tests/
__init__.py
test_module.py
discover_tests.py
setup.py

Here's discover_tests.py:

import os
import sys
import unittest


def additional_tests():
setup_file = sys.modules['__main__'].__file__
setup_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(setup_file))
return unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(setup_dir)

And here's setup.py:

try:
from setuptools import setup
except ImportError:
from distutils.core import setup


config = {
'name': 'name',
'version': 'version',
'url': 'http://example.com',
'test_suite': 'discover_tests',
}


setup(**config)

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最佳答案

If you use py27+ or py32+, the solution is pretty simple:

test_suite="tests",

小开

You don't need config to get this working. There are basically two main ways to do it:

The quick way

Rename your test_module.py to module_test.py (basically add _test as a suffix to tests for a particular module), and python will find it automatically. Just make sure to add this to setup.py:

from setuptools import setup, find_packages


setup(
...
test_suite = 'tests',
...
)

The long way

Here's how to do it with your current directory structure:

project/
package/
__init__.py
module.py
tests/
__init__.py
test_module.py
run_tests.py <- I want to delete this
setup.py

Under tests/__init__.py, you want to import the unittest and your unit test script test_module, and then create a function to run the tests. In tests/__init__.py, type in something like this:

import unittest
import test_module


def my_module_suite():
loader = unittest.TestLoader()
suite = loader.loadTestsFromModule(test_module)
return suite

The TestLoader class has other functions besides loadTestsFromModule. You can run dir(unittest.TestLoader) to see the other ones, but this one is the simplest to use.

Since your directory structure is such, you'll probably want the test_module to be able to import your module script. You might have already done this, but just in case you didn't, you could include the parent path so that you can import the package module and the module script. At the top of your test_module.py, type:

import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..')))


import unittest
import package.module
...

Then finally, in setup.py, include the tests module and run the command you created, my_module_suite:

from setuptools import setup, find_packages


setup(
...
test_suite = 'tests.my_module_suite',
...
)

Then you just run python setup.py test.

Here is a sample someone made as a reference.

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Python's standard library unittest module supports discovery (in Python 2.7 and later, and Python 3.2 and later). If you can assume those minimum versions, then you can just add the discover command line argument to the unittest command.

Only a small tweak is needed to setup.py:

import setuptools.command.test
from setuptools import (find_packages, setup)


class TestCommand(setuptools.command.test.test):
""" Setuptools test command explicitly using test discovery. """


def _test_args(self):
yield 'discover'
for arg in super(TestCommand, self)._test_args():
yield arg


setup(
...
cmdclass={
'test': TestCommand,
},
)

小开

This won't remove run_tests.py, but will make it work with setuptools. Add:

class Loader(unittest.TestLoader):
def loadTestsFromNames(self, names, _=None):
return self.discover(names[0])

Then in setup.py: (I assume you're doing something like setup(**config))

config = {
...
'test_loader': 'run_tests:Loader',
'test_suite': '.', # your start_dir for discover()
}

The only downside I see is it's bending the semantics of loadTestsFromNames, but the setuptools test command is the only consumer, and calls it in a specified way.

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From Building and Distributing Packages with Setuptools (emphasis mine):

test_suite

A string naming a unittest.TestCase subclass (or a package or module containing one or more of them, or a method of such a subclass), or naming a function that can be called with no arguments and returns a unittest.TestSuite.

Hence, in setup.py you would add a function that returns a TestSuite:

import unittest
def my_test_suite():
test_loader = unittest.TestLoader()
test_suite = test_loader.discover('tests', pattern='test_*.py')
return test_suite

Then, you would specify the command setup as follows:

setup(
...
test_suite='setup.my_test_suite',
...
)