如何使用 AngularJS 或 Javascript 提供文件下载服务？

You can set location.href to a data URI containing the data you want to let the user download. Besides this, I don't think there's any way to do it with just JavaScript.

You can do something like this using Blob.

<a download="content.txt" ng-href="\{\{ url }}">download</a>

in your controller:

var content = 'file content for example';
var blob = new Blob([ content ], { type : 'text/plain' });
$scope.url = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL( blob );

in order to enable the URL:

app = angular.module(...);
app.config(['$compileProvider',
function ($compileProvider) {
$compileProvider.aHrefSanitizationWhitelist(/^\s*(https?|ftp|mailto|tel|file|blob):/);
}]);

Please note that

Each time you call createObjectURL(), a new object URL is created, even if you've already created one for the same object. Each of these must be released by calling URL.revokeObjectURL() when you no longer need them. Browsers will release these automatically when the document is unloaded; however, for optimal performance and memory usage, if there are safe times when you can explicitly unload them, you should do so.

Source: MDN

In our current project at work we had a invisible iFrame and I had to feed the url for the file to the iFrame to get a download dialog box. On the button click, the controller generates the dynamic url and triggers a $scope event where a custom directive I wrote, is listing. The directive will append a iFrame to the body if it does not exist already and sets the url attribute on it.

EDIT: Adding a directive

appModule.directive('fileDownload', function ($compile) {
var fd = {
restrict: 'A',
link: function (scope, iElement, iAttrs) {


scope.$on("downloadFile", function (e, url) {
var iFrame = iElement.find("iframe");
if (!(iFrame && iFrame.length > 0)) {
iFrame = $("<iframe style='position:fixed;display:none;top:-1px;left:-1px;'/>");
iElement.append(iFrame);
}


iFrame.attr("src", url);




});
}
};


return fd;
});

This directive responds to a controller event called downloadFile

so in your controller you do

$scope.$broadcast("downloadFile", url);

Would just like to add that in case it doesn't download the file because of unsafe:blob:null... when you hover over the download button, you have to sanitize it. For instance,

var app = angular.module('app', []);

app.config(function($compileProvider){

$compileProvider.aHrefSanitizationWhitelist(/^\s*(|blob|):/);

Try this

<a target="_self" href="mysite.com/uploads/ahlem.pdf" download="foo.pdf">

and visit this site it could be helpful for you :)

http://docs.angularjs.org/guide/

I didnt want Static Url. I have AjaxFactory for doing all ajax operations. I am getting url from the factory and binding it as follows.

<a target="_self" href="\{\{ file.downloadUrl + '/' + order.OrderId + '/' + fileName }}" download="\{\{fileName}}">\{\{fileName}}</a>

Thanks @AhlemMustapha

This can be done in javascript without the need to open another browser window.

window.location.assign('url');

Replace 'url' with the link to your file. You can put this in a function and call it with ng-click if you need to trigger the download from a button.

Just click the button to download using following code.

in html

<a class="btn" ng-click="saveJSON()" ng-href="\{\{ url }}">Export to JSON</a>

In controller

$scope.saveJSON = function () {
$scope.toJSON = '';
$scope.toJSON = angular.toJson($scope.data);
var blob = new Blob([$scope.toJSON], { type:"application/json;charset=utf-8;" });
var downloadLink = angular.element('<a></a>');
downloadLink.attr('href',window.URL.createObjectURL(blob));
downloadLink.attr('download', 'fileName.json');
downloadLink[0].click();
};

I had teh same problem and spend many hours find diferent solutions, and now I join all the comments in this post.I hope it, will be helpfull, my answer was correctly tested on Internet Explorer 11, Chrome and FireFox.

HTML :

<a href="#" class="btn btn-default" file-name="'fileName.extension'"  ng-click="getFile()" file-download="myBlobObject"><i class="fa fa-file-excel-o"></i></a>

DIRECTIVE :

directive('fileDownload',function(){
return{
restrict:'A',
scope:{
fileDownload:'=',
fileName:'=',
},


link:function(scope,elem,atrs){




scope.$watch('fileDownload',function(newValue, oldValue){


if(newValue!=undefined && newValue!=null){
console.debug('Downloading a new file');
var isFirefox = typeof InstallTrigger !== 'undefined';
var isSafari = Object.prototype.toString.call(window.HTMLElement).indexOf('Constructor') > 0;
var isIE = /*@cc_on!@*/false || !!document.documentMode;
var isEdge = !isIE && !!window.StyleMedia;
var isChrome = !!window.chrome && !!window.chrome.webstore;
var isOpera = (!!window.opr && !!opr.addons) || !!window.opera || navigator.userAgent.indexOf(' OPR/') >= 0;
var isBlink = (isChrome || isOpera) && !!window.CSS;


if(isFirefox || isIE || isChrome){
if(isChrome){
console.log('Manage Google Chrome download');
var url = window.URL || window.webkitURL;
var fileURL = url.createObjectURL(scope.fileDownload);
var downloadLink = angular.element('<a></a>');//create a new  <a> tag element
downloadLink.attr('href',fileURL);
downloadLink.attr('download',scope.fileName);
downloadLink.attr('target','_self');
downloadLink[0].click();//call click function
url.revokeObjectURL(fileURL);//revoke the object from URL
}
if(isIE){
console.log('Manage IE download>10');
window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(scope.fileDownload,scope.fileName);
}
if(isFirefox){
console.log('Manage Mozilla Firefox download');
var url = window.URL || window.webkitURL;
var fileURL = url.createObjectURL(scope.fileDownload);
var a=elem[0];//recover the <a> tag from directive
a.href=fileURL;
a.download=scope.fileName;
a.target='_self';
a.click();//we call click function
}




}else{
alert('SORRY YOUR BROWSER IS NOT COMPATIBLE');
}
}
});


}
}
})

IN CONTROLLER:

$scope.myBlobObject=undefined;
$scope.getFile=function(){
console.log('download started, you can show a wating animation');
serviceAsPromise.getStream({param1:'data1',param1:'data2', ...})
.then(function(data){//is important that the data was returned as Aray Buffer
console.log('Stream download complete, stop animation!');
$scope.myBlobObject=new Blob([data],{ type:'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'});
},function(fail){
console.log('Download Error, stop animation and show error message');
$scope.myBlobObject=[];
});
};

IN SERVICE:

function getStream(params){
console.log("RUNNING");
var deferred = $q.defer();


$http({
url:'../downloadURL/',
method:"PUT",//you can use also GET or POST
data:params,
headers:{'Content-type': 'application/json'},
responseType : 'arraybuffer',//THIS IS IMPORTANT
})
.success(function (data) {
console.debug("SUCCESS");
deferred.resolve(data);
}).error(function (data) {
console.error("ERROR");
deferred.reject(data);
});


return deferred.promise;
};

BACKEND(on SPRING):

@RequestMapping(value = "/downloadURL/", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public void downloadExcel(HttpServletResponse response,
@RequestBody Map<String,String> spParams
) throws IOException {
OutputStream outStream=null;
outStream = response.getOutputStream();//is important manage the exceptions here
ObjectThatWritesOnOutputStream myWriter= new ObjectThatWritesOnOutputStream();// note that this object doesn exist on JAVA,
ObjectThatWritesOnOutputStream.write(outStream);//you can configure more things here
outStream.flush();
return;
}

If you have access to on the server, consider setting headers as answered in this more general question.

Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=\"filename.xxx\"

Reading the comments on that answer, it is advisable to use a more specific Content-Type than octet-stream.

This worked for me in angular:

var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = 'fileURL';
a.download = 'fileName';
a.click();