How can I find out which method (usually GET or POST) is used for the current request?
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']
See the docs. It will contain the request method upper-cased (i.e. 'GET', 'HEAD', 'POST', 'PUT').
While checking
seems the obvious choice, since some of the people are advocating safe superglobals alternatives (Is using superglobals directly good or bad in PHP? and similar questions), one may instead use automatic sanitizing
filter_input( \INPUT_SERVER, 'REQUEST_METHOD', \FILTER_SANITIZE_SPECIAL_CHARS )
(you might of course use other filter, eg. FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING - see here for a full list).
FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING
Obviously, in the regular (GET/POST) case there ain't anything to sanitize, but a good habit is still a good habit IMO.
GET
POST
http://php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.server.php
http://php.net/manual/en/function.filter-input.php