将 Python Flask 应用程序拆分为多个文件

我很难理解如何将一个烧瓶应用程序分成多个文件。

我正在创建一个 Web 服务，我想把 API 分成不同的文件(AccountAPI.py，UploadAPI.py，...) ，这样我就不会有一个巨大的 python 文件了。

我知道你可以用蓝图做到这一点，但我不完全确定那条路线是否适合我。

最终，我想运行一个 Main python 文件并包含其他文件，这样当它运行时，它们就被认为是一个大文件。

例如，如果我有 Main.py 和 AccountAPI.py，我希望能够这样做:

Py:

from flask import Flask
import AccountAPI


app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route("/")
def hello():
return "Hello World!"


if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()

帐户 API.py:

@app.route("/account")
def accountList():
return "list of accounts"

我知道这个例子显然不会起作用，但是有可能做这样的事情吗？

谢谢

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最佳答案

Yes, Blueprints are the right way to do it. What you are trying to do can be achieved like this:

Main.py

from flask import Flask
from AccountAPI import account_api


app = Flask(__name__)


app.register_blueprint(account_api)


@app.route("/")
def hello():
return "Hello World!"


if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()

AccountAPI.py

from flask import Blueprint


account_api = Blueprint('account_api', __name__)


@account_api.route("/account")
def accountList():
return "list of accounts"

If this is an option, you might consider using different URL prefixes for the different APIs/Blueprints in order to cleanly separate them. This can be done with a slight modification to the above register_blueprint call:

app.register_blueprint(account_api, url_prefix='/accounts')

For further documentation, you may also have a look at the official docs.

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One another way to do this can be with lazy loading, where you would explicitly attach view functions on need basis.

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If you are using blueprints and want to route / redirect to a url of your blueprint inside a template you are using you need to use the correct url_for statement.

In your case if you would like to open the url account of your blueprint you have to state it like this in your template:

href="\{\{ url_for('account_api.account') }}"

and for the main app it would look like this:

redirect(url_for('account_api.account'))

Otherwise the werkzeug library will throw an error.

小开

Using Blueprint you can add your routes in the routes directory.

Structure

app.py
routes
__init__.py
index.py
users.py

__init__.py

from flask import Blueprint
routes = Blueprint('routes', __name__)


from .index import *
from .users import *

index.py

from flask import render_template
from . import routes


@routes.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')

users.py

from flask import render_template
from . import routes


@routes.route('/users')
def users():
return render_template('users.html')

app.py

from routes import *
app.register_blueprint(routes)

If you want to add a new route file, say accounts.py, you just need to create the file accounts.py in the routes directory, just like index.py and users.py, then import it in the routes.__init__.py file

from .accounts import *

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