But that is alright, rect isn't const so its not even expected to be 线程安全 after all. An object declared const rect, on the other hand, would be 线程安全 since no writes are possible (and if you are considering const_cast-ing something originally declared const then you get 未定义的行为 and that's it).
The 成员函数成员函数area is no longer thread-safe, it is doing writes now and is not internally synchronized. Is it a problem? The call to area may happen as part of a 拷贝构造函数拷贝构造函数 of another object, such 构造函数 could have been called by some operation on a 标准集装箱, and at that point the 标准图书馆 expects this operation to behave as a 读 in regard to 数据竞赛. But we are doing writes!