在 matplotlib 中给图添加副标题

我想给我的图表一个大的18pt 字体的标题，然后在它下面一个小的10pt 字体的副标题。我如何在 matplotlib 中做到这一点？似乎 title()函数只接受具有单个 fontsize属性的单个字符串。肯定有办法的，但怎么做呢？

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最佳答案

I don't think there is anything built-in, but you can do it by leaving more space above your axes and using figtext:

axes([.1,.1,.8,.7])
figtext(.5,.9,'Foo Bar', fontsize=18, ha='center')
figtext(.5,.85,'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit',fontsize=10,ha='center')

ha is short for horizontalalignment.

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What I do is use the title() function for the subtitle and the suptitle() for the main title (they can take different font size arguments). Hope that helps!

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Although this doesn't give you the flexibility associated with multiple font sizes, adding a newline character to your pyplot.title() string can be a simple solution;

plt.title('Really Important Plot\nThis is why it is important')
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Just use TeX ! This works : 

title(r"""\Huge{Big title !} \newline \tiny{Small subtitle !}""")

EDIT: To enable TeX processing, you need to add the "usetex = True" line to matplotlib parameters:

fig_size = [12.,7.5]
params = {'axes.labelsize': 8,
'text.fontsize':   6,
'legend.fontsize': 7,
'xtick.labelsize': 6,
'ytick.labelsize': 6,
'text.usetex': True,       # <-- There
'figure.figsize': fig_size,
}
rcParams.update(params)

I guess you also need a working TeX distribution on your computer. All details are given at this page:

http://matplotlib.org/users/usetex.html

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This is a pandas code example that implements Floris van Vugt's answer (Dec 20, 2010). He said:

>What I do is use the title() function for the subtitle and the suptitle() for the >main title (they can take different fontsize arguments). Hope that helps!

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


d = {'series a' : pd.Series([1., 2., 3.], index=['a', 'b', 'c']),
'series b' : pd.Series([1., 2., 3., 4.], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])}
df = pd.DataFrame(d)


title_string = "This is the title"
subtitle_string = "This is the subtitle"


plt.figure()
df.plot(kind='bar')
plt.suptitle(title_string, y=1.05, fontsize=18)
plt.title(subtitle_string, fontsize=10)

Note: I could not comment on that answer because I'm new to stackoverflow.

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The solution that worked for me is:

  • use suptitle() for the actual title
  • use title() for the subtitle and adjust it using the optional parameter y:
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
"""
some code here
"""
plt.title('My subtitle',fontsize=16)
plt.suptitle('My title',fontsize=24, y=1)
plt.show()

There can be some nasty overlap between the two pieces of text. You can fix this by fiddling with the value of y until you get it right.

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As mentioned here, uou can use matplotlib.pyplot.text objects in order to achieve the same result:

plt.text(x=0.5, y=0.94, s="My title 1", fontsize=18, ha="center", transform=fig.transFigure)
plt.text(x=0.5, y=0.88, s= "My title 2 in different size", fontsize=12, ha="center", transform=fig.transFigure)
plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.8, wspace=0.3)
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In matplotlib use the below function to set the subtitle

fig, ax = plt.subplots(2,1, figsize=(5,5))
ax[0, 0].plot(x,y)
ax[0, 0].set_title('text')

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