连接路径的功能？

是否存在连接路径的函数？

我知道实现起来并不困难，但是... ... 除了处理跟踪 /(或 \)之外，我还需要处理适当的操作系统路径格式检测(例如，我们是否编写 C:\dir\file或 /dir/file)。

正如我所说，我相信我知道如何实现它; 问题是: 我应该这样做吗？这个功能是否已经存在于现有的 R 包中？

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小开
最佳答案

Yes, file.path()

R> file.path("usr", "local", "lib")
[1] "usr/local/lib"
R>

There is also the equally useful system.path() for files in a package:

R> system.file("extdata", "date_time_zonespec.csv", package="RcppBDT")
[1] "/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/RcppBDT/extdata/date_time_zonespec.csv"
R>

which will get the file extdata/date_time_zonespec.csv irrespective of

  1. where the package is installed, and
  2. the OS

which is very handy. Lastly, there is also 

R> .Platform$file.sep
[1] "/"
R>

if you insist on doing it manually.

小开

In case anyone wants, this is my own function path.cat. Its functionality is comparable with Python's os.path.join with the extra sugar, that it interprets the ...

With this function, you can construct paths hierarchically, but unlike the file.path, you leave the user the ability to override the hierarchy by putting an absolute path. And as an added sugar, he can put the ".." wherever he likes in the path, with obvious meaning.

e.g.

  • path.cat("/home/user1","project/data","../data2") yelds /home/user1/project/data2

  • path.cat("/home/user1","project/data","/home/user2/data") yelds /home/user2/data

The function works only with slashes as path separator, which is fine, since R transparently translates them to backslashes on Windows machine.

library("iterators") # After writing this function I've learned, that iterators are very inefficient in R.
library("itertools")


#High-level function that inteligentely concatenates paths given in arguments
#The user interface is the same as for file.path, with the exception that it understands the path ".."
#and it can identify relative and absolute paths.
#Absolute paths starts comply with "^\/" or "^\d:\/" regexp.
#The concatenation starts from the last absolute path in arguments, or the first, if no absolute paths are given.
path.cat<-function(...)
{
elems<-list(...)
elems<-as.character(elems)
elems<-elems[elems!='' && !is.null(elems)]
relems<-rev(elems)
starts<-grep('^[/\\]',relems)[1]
if (!is.na(starts) && !is.null(starts))
{
relems<-relems[1:starts]
}
starts<-grep(':',relems,fixed=TRUE)
if (length(starts)==0){
starts=length(elems)-length(relems)+1
}else{
starts=length(elems)-starts[[1]]+1}
elems<-elems[starts:length(elems)]
path<-do.call(file.path,as.list(elems))
elems<-strsplit(path,'[/\\]',FALSE)[[1]]
it<-ihasNext(iter(elems))
out<-rep(NA,length(elems))
i<-1
while(hasNext(it))
{
item<-nextElem(it)
if(item=='..')
{
i<-i-1
} else if (item=='' & i!=1) {
#nothing
} else   {
out[i]<-item
i<-i+1
}
}
do.call(file.path,as.list(out[1:i-1]))
}

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