Calling a base class's classmethod in Python

Consider the following code:

class Base(object):


@classmethod
def do(cls, a):
print cls, a


class Derived(Base):


@classmethod
def do(cls, a):
print 'In derived!'
# Base.do(cls, a) -- can't pass `cls`
Base.do(a)


if __name__ == '__main__':
d = Derived()
d.do('hello')


> $ python play.py
> In derived!
> <class '__main__.Base'> msg

From Derived.do, how do I call Base.do?

I would normally use super or even the base class name directly if this is a normal object method, but apparently I can't find a way to call the classmethod in the base class.

In the above example, Base.do(a) prints Base class instead of Derived class.

53917 次浏览
小开
最佳答案

If you're using a new-style class (i.e. derives from object in Python 2, or always in Python 3), you can do it with super() like this:

super(Derived, cls).do(a)

This is how you would invoke the code in the base class's version of the method (i.e. print cls, a), from the derived class, with cls being set to the derived class.

小开

This works for me:

Base.do('hi')
小开

this has been a while, but I think I may have found an answer. When you decorate a method to become a classmethod the original unbound method is stored in a property named 'im_func':

class Base(object):
@classmethod
def do(cls, a):
print cls, a


class Derived(Base):


@classmethod
def do(cls, a):
print 'In derived!'
# Base.do(cls, a) -- can't pass `cls`
Base.do.im_func(cls, a)


if __name__ == '__main__':
d = Derived()
d.do('hello')
小开

Building on the answer from @David Z using:

super(Derived, cls).do(a)

Which can be further simplified to:

super(cls, cls).do(a)

I often use classmethods to provide alternative ways to construct my objects. In the example below I use the super functions as above for the class method load that alters the way that the objects are created:

class Base():
    

def __init__(self,a):
self.a = a
    

@classmethod
def load(cls,a):
return cls(a=a)
    

class SubBase(Base):


@classmethod
def load(cls,b):
a = b-1
return super(cls,cls).load(a=a)
    

base = Base.load(a=1)
print(base)
print(base.a)


sub = SubBase.load(b=3)
print(sub)
print(sub.a)

Output:

<__main__.Base object at 0x128E48B0>
1
<__main__.SubBase object at 0x128E4710>
2

提交答案