如何找出 Ubuntu 上安装了哪个版本的 GTK + ？

You can use this command:

$ dpkg -s libgtk2.0-0|grep '^Version'

This suggestion will tell you which minor version of 2.0 is installed. Different major versions will have different package names because they can co-exist on the system (in order to support applications built with older versions).

Even for development files, which normally would only let you have one version on the system, you can have a version of gtk 1.x and a version of gtk 2.0 on the same system (the include files are in directories called gtk-1.2 or gtk-2.0).

So in short there isn't a simple answer to "what version of GTK is on the system". But...

Try something like:

dpkg -l libgtk* | grep -e '^i' | grep -e 'libgtk-*[0-9]'

to list all the libgtk packages, including -dev ones, that are on your system. dpkg -l will list all the packages that dpkg knows about, including ones that aren't currently installed, so I've used grep to list only ones that are installed (line starts with i).

Alternatively, and probably better if it's the version of the headers etc that you're interested in, use pkg-config:

pkg-config --modversion gtk+

will tell you what version of GTK 1.x development files are installed, and

pkg-config --modversion gtk+-2.0

will tell you what version of GTK 2.0. The old 1.x version also has its own gtk-config program that does the same thing. Similarly, for GTK+ 3:

pkg-config --modversion gtk+-3.0

I think a distribution-independent way is:

gtk-config --version

You can also just open synaptic and search for libgtk, it will show you exactly which lib is installed.

get GTK3 version:

dpkg -s libgtk-3-0|grep '^Version'

or just version number

dpkg -s libgtk-3-0|grep '^Version' | cut -d' ' -f2-

To make the answer more general than Ubuntu (I have Redhat):

gtk is usually installed under /usr, but possibly in other locations. This should be visible in environment variables. Check with

env | grep gtk

Then try to find where your gtk files are stored. For example, use locate and grep.

locate gtk | grep /usr/lib

In this way, I found /usr/lib64/gtk-2.0, which contains the subdirectory 2.10.0, which contains many .so library files. My conclusion is that I have gtk+ version 2.10. This is rather consistent with the rpm command on Redhat: rpm -qa | grep gtk2, so I think my conclusion is right.

You could also just compile the following program and run it on your machine.

#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <glib/gprintf.h>


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
/* Initialize GTK */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);


g_printf("%d.%d.%d\n", gtk_major_version, gtk_minor_version, gtk_micro_version);
return(0);
}

compile with ( assuming above source file is named version.c):

gcc version.c -o version `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`

When you run this you will get some output. On my old embedded device I get the following:

[root@n00E04B3730DF n2]# ./version
2.10.4
[root@n00E04B3730DF n2]#

Try,

apt-cache policy libgtk2.0-0 libgtk-3-0

or,

dpkg -l libgtk2.0-0 libgtk-3-0

Try:

 dpkg-query -W libgtk-3-bin

This will get the version of the GTK libraries for GTK 2, 3, and 4.

dpkg -l | egrep "libgtk(2.0-0|-3-0|-4)"

As major versions are parallel installable, you may have both on your system, which is my case, so the above command returns this on my Ubuntu Trusty system:

ii  libgtk-3-0:amd64                                      3.10.8-0ubuntu1.6                                   amd64        GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-0:amd64                                     2.24.23-0ubuntu1.4                                  amd64        GTK+ graphical user interface library

This means I have GTK+ 2.24.23 and 3.10.8 installed.

If what you want is the version of the development files, use:

• pkg-config --modversion gtk+-2.0 for GTK 2
• pkg-config --modversion gtk+-3.0 for GTK 3
• pkg-config --modversion gtk4 for GTK 4

(This change because the + from GTK+ was dropped a while ago.)

Because apt-cache policy will list all the matches available, even if not installed, I would suggest using this command for a more manageable shortlist of GTK-related packages installed on your system:

apt list --installed libgtk*

This isn't so difficult.

Just check your gtk+ toolkit utilities version from terminal:

gtk-launch --version