如何使 Python 请求通过 SOCKS 代理工作

我在 Python 脚本中使用了很棒的 请求库:

import requests
r = requests.get("http://example.com")
print(r.text)

我想使用一个 SOCKS 代理，我如何能做到这一点? 请求似乎只支持 HTTP 代理。

206615 次浏览
小开
最佳答案

The modern way:

pip install -U 'requests[socks]'

then

import requests


resp = requests.get('http://go.to',
proxies=dict(http='socks5://user:pass@host:port',
https='socks5://user:pass@host:port'))
小开 
# SOCKS5 proxy for HTTP/HTTPS
proxiesDict = {
'http' : "socks5://1.2.3.4:1080",
'https' : "socks5://1.2.3.4:1080"
}


# SOCKS4 proxy for HTTP/HTTPS
proxiesDict = {
'http' : "socks4://1.2.3.4:1080",
'https' : "socks4://1.2.3.4:1080"
}


# HTTP proxy for HTTP/HTTPS
proxiesDict = {
'http' : "1.2.3.4:1080",
'https' : "1.2.3.4:1080"
}
小开

You need install pysocks , my version is 1.0 and the code works for me:

import socket
import socks
import requests
ip='localhost' # change your proxy's ip
port = 0000 # change your proxy's port
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, ip, port)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
url = u'http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/services/search/images?v=1.0&q=inurl%E8%A2%8B'
print(requests.get(url).text)
小开

I installed pysocks and monkey patched create_connection in urllib3, like this:

import socks
import socket
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4, "127.0.0.1", 1080)


def create_connection(address, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
source_address=None, socket_options=None):
"""Connect to *address* and return the socket object.


Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
*timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout`
is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
"""


host, port = address
if host.startswith('['):
host = host.strip('[]')
err = None
for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
sock = None
try:
sock = socks.socksocket(af, socktype, proto)


# If provided, set socket level options before connecting.
# This is the only addition urllib3 makes to this function.
urllib3.util.connection._set_socket_options(sock, socket_options)


if timeout is not socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
sock.settimeout(timeout)
if source_address:
sock.bind(source_address)
sock.connect(sa)
return sock


except socket.error as e:
err = e
if sock is not None:
sock.close()
sock = None


if err is not None:
raise err


raise socket.error("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")


# monkeypatch
urllib3.util.connection.create_connection = create_connection
小开

As soon as python requests will be merged with SOCKS5 pull request it will do as simple as using proxies dictionary:

Update: PR was already merged.

#proxy
# SOCKS5 proxy for HTTP/HTTPS
proxies = {
'http' : "socks5://myproxy:9191",
'https' : "socks5://myproxy:9191"
}


#headers
headers = {


}


url='http://example.com/'
res = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)

See SOCKS Proxy Support

Another options, in case that you cannot wait request to be ready, when you cannot use requesocks - like on GoogleAppEngine due to the lack of pwd built-in module, is to use PySocks that was mentioned above:

  1. Grab the socks.py file from the repo and put a copy in your root folder;
  2. Add import socks and import socket

At this point configure and bind the socket before using with urllib2 - in the following example:

import urllib2
import socket
import socks


socks.set_default_proxy(socks.SOCKS5, "myprivateproxy.example",port=9050)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
res=urllib2.urlopen(url).read()
小开

As of requests version 2.10.0, released on 2016-04-29, requests supports SOCKS.

It requires PySocks, which can be installed with pip install pysocks.

Example usage:

import requests
proxies = {'http': "socks5://myproxy:9191"}
requests.get('http://example.org', proxies=proxies)
小开

In case someone has tried all of these older answers, and is still running into problems like:

requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(host='myhost', port=80):
Max retries exceeded with url: /my/path
(Caused by NewConnectionError('<requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.socks.SOCKSConnection object at 0x106812bd0>:
Failed to establish a new connection:
[Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known',))

It may be because, by default, requests is configured to resolve DNS queries on the local side of the connection.

Try changing your proxy URL from socks5://proxyhost:1234 to socks5h://proxyhost:1234. Note the extra h (it stands for hostname resolution).

The PySocks package module default is to do remote resolution, and I'm not sure why requests made their integration this obscurely divergent, but here we are.

小开

I could do this on Linux.

$ pip3 install --user 'requests[socks]'
$ https_proxy=socks5://<hostname or ip>:<port> python3 -c \
> 'import requests;print(requests.get("https://httpbin.org/ip").text)'
小开

You can just run your script with https_proxy environment variable.

  1. Install socks support if it necessary.
pip install PySocks
pip install pysocks5
  1. Setup environment variable
export https_proxy=socks5://<hostname or ip>:<port>
  1. Run your script. This example makes request using proxy and shows IP-address:
echo Your real IP
python -c 'import requests;print(requests.get("http://ipinfo.io/ip").text)'


echo IP with socks-proxy
python -c 'import requests;print(requests.get("https://ipinfo.io/ip").text)'

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