基于文本长度的 django 过滤器

我想根据文本的长度过滤我的模型 差不多

MyModel.objects.filter(len(text) > 10)

其中文本是一个字符或文本字段在 MyModel 模型

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You can use the regex filter to search for text of a particular length:

MyModel.objects.filter(text__regex = r'.{10}.*')

Caveat: for MySQL, the maximum length value is 255. Otherwise an exception is thrown:

DatabaseError: (1139, "Got error 'invalid repetition count(s)' from regexp")
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最佳答案

It would be much better and faster if you just add a column that pre-calculates(memoizes) the length of the text.

e.g.

class MyModel(models.Model):
text = models.TextField()
text_len = models.PositiveIntegerField()


def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.text_len = len(self.text)
return super(MyModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)


MyModel.objects.filter(text_len__gt = 10)     # Here text_len is pre-calculated by us on `save`
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Another way is:

MyModel.objects.extra(where=["CHAR_LENGTH(text) > 300"])

This can be used where the text lenght is more than 255 characters too.

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For Django >= 1.8 you can use the Length function, which is @Pratyush's CHAR_LENGTH() under the hood for MySQL, or LENGTH() for some other databases:

from django.db.models.functions import Length
qs = MyModel.objects.annotate(text_len=Length('text_field_name')).filter(
text_len__gt=10)
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A nice solution for Django >= 1.9 is possible by registering the builtin function Length as a Transform for CharField lookup.

Register the transformation in the project once. (The best place is probably models.py.)

from django.db.models import CharField
from django.db.models.functions import Length


CharField.register_lookup(Length, 'length')

Use:

result = MyModel.objects.filter(text__length__gt=10)

See exactly the same example in docs for Length as a transform.

It works correctly for all backends, compiled by LENGTH() for most backends and by CHAR_LENGTH() for MySQL. It is then registered for all subclasses of CharField automatically, e.g. for EmailField. The TextField must be registered individually. It is safe to register the name "length", because a transform name could never shade or be shaded by an equally named field name or related field name.

The only disadvantage could be readability puzzle: Where did the "length" come from? (The lookup is global, but the same can be luckily safely registered repeatedly in more modules, if useful for readability, without any possible overhead at query runtime.)

Other similarly valuable solution is the hobs's above that is shorter if a registration counts and if a similar query is not used repeatedly.

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I would solve the problem on your app server and not tax your database. You can do this by:

models_less_than_ten = []
mymodel = MyModel.objects.all()
for m in mymodel:
if len(m.text) > 10:
models_less_than_ten.append(m)

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