在 ASP.NET MVC 中如何调用 Error.cshtml？

我在 StackOverflow 上看到过很多类似的问题，但我似乎无法理解这一点。对于 web.config 和 HandleErrorAttribute 中的自定义错误节点，如何调用 Error.cshtml？最终，这个问题的答案可能是已经存在的关于 ASP.NET MVC 错误处理的几个问题之一的答案。但事实是，我不知道是哪一个。

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最佳答案

在 Global.asax 中，有以下方法:

public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
{
filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
}

这将 HandleErrorAttribute 注册为全局操作筛选器。这意味着此处理程序将自动应用于所有控制器操作。现在让我们通过查看源代码来看看这个属性是如何实现的:

[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Performance", "CA1813:AvoidUnsealedAttributes", Justification = "This attribute is AllowMultiple = true and users might want to override behavior.")]
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class HandleErrorAttribute : FilterAttribute, IExceptionFilter {


private const string _defaultView = "Error";


private readonly object _typeId = new object();


private Type _exceptionType = typeof(Exception);
private string _master;
private string _view;


public Type ExceptionType {
get {
return _exceptionType;
}
set {
if (value == null) {
throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
}
if (!typeof(Exception).IsAssignableFrom(value)) {
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
MvcResources.ExceptionViewAttribute_NonExceptionType, value.FullName));
}


_exceptionType = value;
}
}


public string Master {
get {
return _master ?? String.Empty;
}
set {
_master = value;
}
}


public override object TypeId {
get {
return _typeId;
}
}


public string View {
get {
return (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(_view)) ? _view : _defaultView;
}
set {
_view = value;
}
}


public virtual void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) {
if (filterContext == null) {
throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext");
}
if (filterContext.IsChildAction) {
return;
}


// If custom errors are disabled, we need to let the normal ASP.NET exception handler
// execute so that the user can see useful debugging information.
if (filterContext.ExceptionHandled || !filterContext.HttpContext.IsCustomErrorEnabled) {
return;
}


Exception exception = filterContext.Exception;


// If this is not an HTTP 500 (for example, if somebody throws an HTTP 404 from an action method),
// ignore it.
if (new HttpException(null, exception).GetHttpCode() != 500) {
return;
}


if (!ExceptionType.IsInstanceOfType(exception)) {
return;
}


string controllerName = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"];
string actionName = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"];
HandleErrorInfo model = new HandleErrorInfo(filterContext.Exception, controllerName, actionName);
filterContext.Result = new ViewResult {
ViewName = View,
MasterName = Master,
ViewData = new ViewDataDictionary<HandleErrorInfo>(model),
TempData = filterContext.Controller.TempData
};
filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Clear();
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 500;


// Certain versions of IIS will sometimes use their own error page when
// they detect a server error. Setting this property indicates that we
// want it to try to render ASP.NET MVC's error page instead.
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
}
}

源代码包含注释，并且不仅仅是自解释性的。它检查的第一件事是您是否在 web.config (即 <customErrors mode="On">)中启用了自定义错误。如果你没有，它没有任何作用 = > YSOD。如果您启用了自定义错误，那么它将呈现 Error 视图，并将其传递给一个包含异常堆栈跟踪和其他有用信息的模型。


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