Django: 捕获完整性错误并使用模板显示自定义消息

Just use try and catch.

from django.db import IntegrityError
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response


try:
# code that produces error
except IntegrityError as e:
return render_to_response("template.html", {"message": e.message})

If you want you can use the message in your template.

EDIT

Thanks for Jill-Jênn Vie, you should use e.__cause__, as described here.

Simplest solution: write a middleware implementing process_exception that only catches IntegrityError and returns an HttpResponse with your rendered template, and make sure this middleware is after the default error handling middleware so it is called before (cf https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/middleware/#process-exception for more).

Now if I was you, I wouldn't assume such a thing as "there is only one obvious case where "IntegrityError" can arise", so I strongly recommand you do log the exception (and send email alerts) in your middleware.

If you're using class-based views with the CreateView mixin, you'll want to try the call to the superclass's form_valid, for example:

from django.db import IntegrityError
...
class KumquatCreateView(CreateView):
model = Kumquat
form_class = forms.KumquatForm
...
def form_valid(self, form):
...
try:
return super(KumquatCreateView, self).form_valid(form)
except IntegrityError:
return HttpResponse("ERROR: Kumquat already exists!")

You can use a template, render_to_response etc. to make the output nicer, of course.

I would validate it with ModelForm. For example:

You got model:

class Manufacturer(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(default='', max_length=40, unique=True)

And ModelForm:

class ManufacturerForm(forms.ModelForm):


def clean(self):
cleaned_data = super(ManufacturerForm, self).clean()
name = cleaned_data.get('name')
if Manufacturer.objects.filter(name=name).exists():
raise forms.ValidationError('Category already exists')


class Meta:
model = Manufacturer

In this case when you submit name that is unique. You'll get validation error before IntegrityError. 'Category already exists' message will be shown in your form in template

I did it like this

from django.db import IntegrityError
from django.shortcuts import render


from .models import Person
from .forms import PersonForm


class PersonView(View):


def get(self, request):
pd = PersonForm()
return render(request, "app1/my_form.html", context={ 'form': pd })






def post(self, request):
pd = PersonForm(request.POST)




if pd.is_valid():
name = pd.cleaned_data['name']
age = pd.cleaned_data['age']
height = pd.cleaned_data['height']


p = Person()
p.name = name
p.age = age
p.height = height
try:
p.save()
except IntegrityError as e:
e = 'this data already exists in the database'
return render(request, "app1/my_form.html", context={ 'form': pd, 'e': e})


context = {
'person': {
'name': name,
'age': age,
'height': height,
},
'form': pd
}


else:
print("Form is invalid")
context = { 'form': pd }


return render(request, "app1/my_form.html", context=context)

in the template ,i can access the erroe as \{\{ e }}

Just import IntegrityError

from django.db import IntegrityError

and use it inside try/Except

try:
//Do what is needed to be done
except IntegrityError as e:
//return what is supposed to be returned

Thanks @Soren I just Edited my answer

For class-based views you can catch the error, add it to the error list and use FormMixin.form_invalid to re-render the form template, just as if standard validation failed:

class YourView(CreateView):
...


def form_valid(self, form):
try:
return super().form_valid(form)
except IntegrityError as e:
form.add_error(None, e)
return self.form_invalid(form)

This is how I did it - simple ternary use.simple IntegrityError use