如何从服务访问应用程序参数?

从我的控制器,我访问应用程序参数(/app/config中的参数)

$this->container->getParameter('my_param')

但是我不知道如何从服务访问它(我想我的服务类不应该扩展 Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller)。

我是否应该像下面这样将需要的参数映射到我的服务注册中:

#src/Me/MyBundle/Service/my_service/service.yml
parameters:
my_param1: %my_param1%
my_param2: %my_param2%
my_param3: %my_param3%

我应该如何从服务访问我的应用程序参数?


这个问题 看起来是一样的,但是我的问题实际上回答了它(来自控制器的参数) ,我说的是从服务访问。

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You can pass parameters to your service in the same way as you inject other services, by specifying them in your service definition. For example, in YAML:

services:
my_service:
class:  My\Bundle\Service\MyService
arguments: [%my_param1%, %my_param2%]

where the %my_param1% etc corresponds to a parameter named my_param1. Then your service class constructor could then be:

public function __construct($myParam1, $myParam2)
{
// ...
}

Instead of mapping your needed parameters one by one, why not allowing your service to access the container directly? Doing so, you do not have to update your mapping if there is new parameters added (which relate to your service).

To do so:

Make following changes to your service class

use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerInterface; // <- Add this


class MyServiceClass
{
private $container; // <- Add this
public function __construct(ContainerInterface $container) // <- Add this
{
$this->container = $container;
}
public function doSomething()
{
$this->container->getParameter('param_name_1'); // <- Access your param
}
}

Add @service_container as "arguments" in your services.yml

services:
my_service_id:
class: ...\MyServiceClass
arguments: ["@service_container"]  // <- Add this

As solution to some of issues mentioned, I define an array parameter then inject it. Adding a new parameter later just requires addition to parameter array without any change to service_container arguments or construct.

So extending on @richsage answer:

parameters.yml

parameters:
array_param_name:
param_name_1:   "value"
param_name_2:   "value"

services.yml

services:
my_service:
class:  My\Bundle\Service\MyService
arguments: [%array_param_name%]

Then access inside class

public function __construct($params)
{
$this->param1 = array_key_exists('param_name_1',$params)
? $params['param_name_1'] : null;
// ...
}

The Clean Way 2018

Since 2018 and Symfony 3.4 there is much cleaner way - easy to setup and use.

Instead of using container and service/parameter locator anti-pattern, you can pass parameters to class via it's constructor. Don't worry, it's not time-demanding work, but rather setup once & forget approach.

How to set it up in 2 steps?

1. config.yml

# config.yml
parameters:
api_pass: 'secret_password'
api_user: 'my_name'


services:
_defaults:
autowire: true
bind:
$apiPass: '%api_pass%'
$apiUser: '%api_user%'


App\:
resource: ..

2. Any Controller

<?php declare(strict_types=1);


final class ApiController extends SymfonyController
{
/**
* @var string
*/
private $apiPass;


/**
* @var string
*/
private $apiUser;


public function __construct(string $apiPass, string $apiUser)
{
$this->apiPass = $apiPass;
$this->apiUser = $apiUser;
}


public function registerAction(): void
{
var_dump($this->apiPass); // "secret_password"
var_dump($this->apiUser); // "my_name"
}
}

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This is called constructor injection over services locator approach.

To read more about this, check my post How to Get Parameter in Symfony Controller the Clean Way.

(It's tested and I keep it updated for new Symfony major version (5, 6...)).

Symfony 3.4 here.

After some researches, I don't think passing parameters to a class/service via it's constructor, is always a good idea. Imagine if you need to pass to a controller/service some more parameters than 2 or 3. What then? Would be ridiculous to pass, let's say, up to 10 parameters.

Instead, use the ParameterBag class as a dependency, when declaring the service in yml, and then use as many parameters as you wish.

A concrete example, let's say you have a mailer service, like PHPMailer, and you want to have the PHPMailer connection parameters in the paramters.yml file:

#parameters.yml
parameters:
mail_admin: abc@abc.abc
mail_host: mail.abc.com
mail_username: noreply@abc.com
mail_password: pass
mail_from: contact@abc.com
mail_from_name: contact@abc.com
mail_smtp_secure: 'ssl'
mail_port: 465


#services.yml
services:
app.php_mailer:
class: AppBundle\Services\PHPMailerService
arguments: ['@assetic.parameter_bag'] #here one could have other services to be injected
public: true


# AppBundle\Services\PHPMailerService.php
...
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ParameterBag\ParameterBag;
...
class PHPMailerService
{
private $parameterBag;
private $mailAdmin;
private $mailHost;
private $mailUsername;
private $mailPassword;
private $mailFrom;
private $mailFromName;
private $mailSMTPSecure;
private $mailPort;
}
public function __construct(ParameterBag $parameterBag)
{
$this->parameterBag = $parameterBag;


$this->mailAdmin      = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_admin');
$this->mailHost       = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_host');
$this->mailUsername   = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_username');
$this->mailPassword   = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_password');
$this->mailFrom       = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_from');
$this->mailFromName   = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_from_name');
$this->mailSMTPSecure = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_smtp_secure');
$this->mailPort       = $this->parameterBag->get('mail_port');
}
public function sendEmail()
{
//...
}

I think this is a better way.

With Symfony 4.1 the solution is quite simple.

Here is a snippet from the original post:

// src/Service/MessageGenerator.php
// ...


use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ParameterBag\ParameterBagInterface;


class MessageGenerator
{
private $params;


public function __construct(ParameterBagInterface $params)
{
$this->params = $params;
}


public function someMethod()
{
$parameterValue = $this->params->get('parameter_name');
// ...
}
}

Link to the original post: https://symfony.com/blog/new-in-symfony-4-1-getting-container-parameters-as-a-service

There is a very clean new way to achieve it since symfony 4.1

<?php
// src/Service/MessageGeneratorService.php


use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ParameterBag\ParameterBagInterface;


class MessageGeneratorService
{
private $params;
public function __construct(ParameterBagInterface $params)
{
$this->params = $params;
}
public function someMethod()
{
$parameterValue = $this->params->get('parameter_name');
...
}
}

source : https://symfony.com/blog/new-in-symfony-4-1-getting-container-parameters-as-a-service.

In symfony 4, we can access the parameters by means of dependency injection:

Services:

   use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerInterface as Container;


MyServices {


protected $container;
protected $path;


public function __construct(Container $container)
{
$this->container = $container;
$this->path = $this->container->getParameter('upload_directory');
}
}

parameters.yml:

parameters:
upload_directory: '%kernel.project_dir%/public/uploads'

@richsage is correct (for Symfony 3.?) but it did not work for my Symfony 4.x. So here is for Symfony 4.

in services.yaml file

parameters:
param1: 'hello'


Services:
App\Service\routineCheck:
arguments:
$toBechecked: '%param1%'  # argument must match in class constructor

in your service class routineCheck.php file do constructor like so

private $toBechecked;


public function __construct($toBechecked)
{
$this->toBechecked = $toBechecked;
}


public function echoSomething()
{
echo $this->toBechecked;
}

Done.