UUID 格式: 8-4-4-4-12-为什么?

为什么 UUID 的格式是“8-4-4-4-12”(数字) ?我到处找了找原因,但找不到需要这样做的决定。

格式为十六进制字符串的 UUID 示例: 58D5E212-165B-4CA0-909B-C86B9CEE0111

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It's separated by time, version, clock_seq_hi, clock_seq_lo, node, as indicated in the following rfc.

From the IETF RFC4122:

4.1.2.  Layout and Byte Order


To minimize confusion about bit assignments within octets, the UUID
record definition is defined only in terms of fields that are
integral numbers of octets.  The fields are presented with the most
significant one first.


Field                  Data Type     Octet  Note
#


time_low               unsigned 32   0-3    The low field of the
bit integer          timestamp


time_mid               unsigned 16   4-5    The middle field of the
bit integer          timestamp


time_hi_and_version    unsigned 16   6-7    The high field of the
bit integer          timestamp multiplexed
with the version number


clock_seq_hi_and_rese  unsigned 8    8      The high field of the
rved                   bit integer          clock sequence
multiplexed with the
variant


clock_seq_low          unsigned 8    9      The low field of the
bit integer          clock sequence


node                   unsigned 48   10-15  The spatially unique
bit integer          node identifier


In the absence of explicit application or presentation protocol
specification to the contrary, a UUID is encoded as a 128-bit object,
as follows:


The fields are encoded as 16 octets, with the sizes and order of the
fields defined above, and with each field encoded with the Most
Significant Byte first (known as network byte order).  Note that the
field names, particularly for multiplexed fields, follow historical
practice.


0                   1                   2                   3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                          time_low                             |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|       time_mid                |         time_hi_and_version   |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|clk_seq_hi_res |  clk_seq_low  |         node (0-1)            |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                         node (2-5)                            |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

The format is defined in IETF RFC4122 in section 3. The output format is defined where it says "UUID = ..."

3.- Namespace Registration Template

Namespace ID: UUID Registration Information: Registration date: 2003-10-01

Declared registrant of the namespace: JTC 1/SC6 (ASN.1 Rapporteur Group)

Declaration of syntactic structure: A UUID is an identifier that is unique across both space and time, with respect to the space of all UUIDs. Since a UUID is a fixed size and contains a time field, it is possible for values to rollover (around A.D. 3400, depending on the specific algorithm used). A UUID can be used for multiple purposes, from tagging objects with an extremely short lifetime, to reliably identifying very persistent objects across a network.

  The internal representation of a UUID is a specific sequence of
bits in memory, as described in Section 4.  To accurately
represent a UUID as a URN, it is necessary to convert the bit
sequence to a string representation.


Each field is treated as an integer and has its value printed as a
zero-filled hexadecimal digit string with the most significant
digit first.  The hexadecimal values "a" through "f" are output as
lower case characters and are case insensitive on input.


The formal definition of the UUID string representation is
provided by the following ABNF [7]:


UUID                   = time-low "-" time-mid "-"
time-high-and-version "-"
clock-seq-and-reserved
clock-seq-low "-" node
time-low               = 4hexOctet
time-mid               = 2hexOctet
time-high-and-version  = 2hexOctet
clock-seq-and-reserved = hexOctet
clock-seq-low          = hexOctet
node                   = 6hexOctet
hexOctet               = hexDigit hexDigit
hexDigit =
"0" / "1" / "2" / "3" / "4" / "5" / "6" / "7" / "8" / "9" /
"a" / "b" / "c" / "d" / "e" / "f" /
"A" / "B" / "C" / "D" / "E" / "F"

128 bits

The "8-4-4-4-12" format is just for reading by humans. The UUID is really a 128-bit number.

Consider the string format requires the double of the bytes than the 128 bit number when stored or in memory. I would suggest to use the number internally and when it needs to be shown on a UI or exported in a file, use the string format.